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ティプトロニック

マニュアルでギア選択可能なトルコンATの総称。

なわけですが、オリジナルのティプトロニックは、普通のトルコンATとは随分味が違っています。

「トルコン」とは"Torque Converter"のことで、マニュアルギアのクラッチの代わりに継ぎ手として使っています。ただし、"トルク変換機"というだけあって、ある範囲で自由にトルク倍増が出来るという特徴があります。
入力に対して出力軸を停止させたときに何倍のトルクになるかという値をストールトルク比と呼び、自動車用では2前後です。この機能があるので、アイドリングでもクリープ発進が出来るのです。

一つの機械ギアにストールトルク比の範囲を掛けた分で速度域を担当できるので、原理的にはマニュアルより少ない段数で問題ないのです。昔は5段マニュアルに対して4段オートマチックと段数が少なかったのはこのためです。

トルコンの問題点としては、動力伝達に液体を使っているのでどうしても数%のロスがあるのと、可変でトルク変換しているので加速感がリニアでないというのがあります。これが嫌いな人がいる理由でしょう。

さて、ポルシェのティプトロニックは、積極的にトルクコンバータを使うプログラミングとなっているようです。発進は普通のAT同様に2速ですが、加速し始めてもかなりトルコン領域を使っているようで、他のAT車から乗り換えると少し違和感があります。ですが、早くエンジン回転数をトルクバンドに入れれるので、本来加速は効率的で速いはずです。

近年のトルコンATのトレンドとしては極力ストール比はつかわずに流体継ぎ手として使い、ギア段数を増やしてロックアップで直接繋いで燃費向上&シフトフィール向上でして、このため7段や8段というのが登場してます。
ティプトロニックでは、トルコンATの本来のメリットを運動性向上に使っているので、最上級の911ターボであっても5速トルコンATで十分と判断しているもの思われます。

以上の仕組みが判って乗ると明快でかなり良いトランスミッションです。

ブログなどで、ATだと引っ張ってギアチェンジしてくれないという記述を見かけますが、他の独車同様にキックダウンスイッチがあるので、アクセルペダルをベタ踏みするとレッドゾーンまで引っ張って加速してくれます。スリップ感があるという記述も見かけますが、これもトルコンの仕組みを理解してないと思われます。

他に気づいた点
・オート状態でパドルを押すとすぐマニュアル移行しますが、数10秒放っておくとオートに戻ります
・ただし、カーブ中や下り坂などはセンサーが判断して固定になります
・ギアチェンジするとオーバーレブやアンダーレブになる場合には、操作を無視します
・1速発進をしたい場合には、停止時にパドルを使って1速に落としておけばそれで発進します

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